APH (Antepartum Haemorrhage)
Placenta previa: Painless bleeding after 28 weeks. USG diagnosis. Treatment depends on type and fetal maturity.
Abruptio placentae: Painful bleeding, tender uterus, shock. Vaginal delivery usually preferred. Fetal distress common.
PPH (Postpartum Haemorrhage)
4Ts: Tone (atonic uterus - most common), Trauma (lacerations), Tissue (retained placenta), Thrombin (coagulopathy).
Management: Uterine massage, Oxytocin 10 units IV, Misoprostol 800 mcg PR, Balloon tamponade (Bakri), Surgery.
Eclampsia
Seizures in pre-eclampsia. MgSO4 loading 4g IV over 15 min, then 1-2g/hr maintenance. Monitor: reflexes, respiratory rate, urine output.
Revision history
- 20 September 2026 — Initial publication
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