PCOS
Polycystic ovary syndrome. Rotterdam criteria: 2 of 3 — Oligo/anovulation, Hyperandrogenism (clinical/biochemical), Polycystic ovaries on USG.
Management: Lifestyle (first-line), Metformin, OCPs (for cycle regulation), Clomiphene for infertility, Spironolactone for hirsutism.
Uterine Fibroids (Leiomyoma)
Benign smooth muscle tumor. Types: Intramural, Submucosal, Subserosal, Cervical.
Symptoms: Menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, pelvic mass, infertility.
Treatment: Myomectomy (desire fertility), Hysterectomy (completed family), Uterine artery embolization, MRI-guided FUS.
Endometriosis
Ectopic endometrial tissue. Common sites: Ovaries (chocolate cyst), Pouch of Douglas, Uterosacral ligaments.
Diagnosis: Laparoscopy (gold standard). Treatment: NSAIDs, OCPs, Progestins, GnRH analogues, Surgery.
Revision history
- 20 September 2026 — Initial publication
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