Anti-Anginal Drugs
- Nitrates: NO -> cGMP -> vasodilation. Side effects: headache, hypotension, tolerance.
- Beta-blockers: Reduce HR and contractility. Propranolol, Metoprolol, Atenolol.
- Calcium channel blockers: Verapamil (cardio-selective), Diltiazem, Amlodipine.
Anti-Arrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams)
Class I (Na+ channel): IA (quinidine - prolonged APD), IB (lignocaine - shortened APD), IC (flecainide - no APD change).
Class II (Beta-blockers): Propranolol, Esmolol.
Class III (K+ channel): Amiodarone (most effective, multi-channel), Sotalol.
Class IV (Ca2+ channel): Verapamil, Diltiazem.
Heart Failure Drugs
ACE-I, ARNI, Beta-blockers, MRAs, SGLT2i, Diuretics.
Revision history
- 20 September 2026 — Initial publication
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