Atrial Fibrillation
Irregularly irregular. No P waves. Variable R-R intervals. CHA2DS2-VASc score for anticoagulation: C=1, H=1, A2=2, D=1, S2=2, V=1, A=1, Sc=1. Score >=2 = anticoagulate.
Atrial Flutter
Sawtooth F waves. Usually 2:1 block (300 atrial rate, 150 ventricular). Treat rate (beta-blocker, diltiazem), rhythm (amiodarone), anticoagulate.
Ventricular Tachycardia
Wide QRS (>0.12s), regular. Hemodynamically unstable = immediate synchronized cardioversion. Stable = amiodarone IV.
Ventricular Fibrillation
Chaotic, no organized QRS. Immediate defibrillation + CPR + epinephrine + amiodarone.
Heart Blocks
1st degree: PR >0.20s. 2nd degree Type I (Wenckebach): progressive PR prolongation. 2nd degree Type II (Mobitz): sudden dropped beats. 3rd degree: complete dissociation, atrial and ventricular rates independent.
Revision history
- 20 September 2026 — Initial publication
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